EL JUEGO SIMBÓLICO EN LA PRIMERA INFANCIA
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2026-09-09
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Symbolic play is important in early childhood education, as it allows children to develop holistically, in cognitive, socio-emotional, and communicative domains. This systematic review, conducted under the PRISMA model, was carried out through the selection and análisis of studies published between 2020 and 2025 using academic databases. The main objective is to synthesize scientific evidence on the impacto of symbolic play on the socio-emotional, cognitive, and communicative development of children in early childhood. The systematic review followed the PRISMA model; furthemore, specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to guide selection of studies addressing symbolic play and its influence on child development. Initially, a total of 8,229 studies were identified acrooss various databases. Subsequently, a selection processes was conducted, resulting in 20 articles chosen base their relevance and quality. Of these, 10 were obtained from Sciencedirect, 4 from Redalyc, 4 from Dialnet, and 2 from Google Scholar. Based on these studies, a table was developed to organize the findings clearly. Among the main findings, Alvear et al. (2023), highlight symbolic play as an effective pedagogical resource that stimulates thinking and skill development in children. Likewise, from a cognitive perspective, Herrera and Gonzales (2023) indicate that teacher support, a conducive environment, and the availability of appropriate materials are essential for promoting cognitive and motor development. In addition, from a socio-emotional perspective, Cáceres et al. (2024) shows that symbolic play fosters imagination, emotional expression, and socialization, which are key factors in socio-emotional development. Finally, in the communicative domain, Chujandama et al. (2023) state that symbolic play promotes language development, as it enables children to expand their vocabulary, improve grammar, and better understand what they hear. In summary, this systematic review shows that symbolic play has a positive impact during early childhood; therefore, its in educational activities strengthens cognitive, socio-emotional, and communicative development, making it a fundamental pedagogical strategy in early childhood education.
Keywords: Symbolic Play, Early Childhood, Cognitive Development, Socio- Emotional Development, Communicative Development.